Panic disorder involves repeated, unexpected panic attacks: sudden surges of intense fear with physical symptoms such as a pounding heart, shortness of breath, dizziness, or chest tightness. It also involves ongoing worry about having another attack, or avoiding places where attacks have happened. Panic disorder is very treatable with medication, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and practical coping skills.
Panic is frightening, but it is also one of the most treatable mental health conditions. You can feel safe in your body again.
Common signs of panic attacks
- Sudden, intense fear that peaks within minutes
- Pounding or racing heart, or chest discomfort
- Shortness of breath or a feeling of choking
- Dizziness, trembling, sweating, chills, or hot flashes
- Tingling or numbness in the hands or face
- Feeling detached from yourself or your surroundings
- Fear of losing control, "going crazy," or dying
- Worrying about the next attack or avoiding places where attacks happened
Experiencing some of these does not necessarily mean you have a diagnosis. A comprehensive evaluation can help clarify what is going on.
How we treat panic disorder
We begin by understanding your attacks: when they started, what they feel like, and what you have started avoiding. Because some medical conditions and substances (such as thyroid problems, heart rhythm issues, caffeine, and certain medications) can cause similar symptoms, we review your physical health too and coordinate with your primary care provider when needed.
Evidence-based medications, such as SSRIs and SNRIs, can reduce how often attacks happen and how intense they are. We pair medication decisions with education about the body’s fear response, breathing and grounding skills, and, when helpful, a referral for cognitive behavioral therapy, one of the most effective treatments for panic.
When to seek emergency care
If you have new or unexplained chest pain, trouble breathing, or fainting, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room so a medical cause can be ruled out. A panic disorder diagnosis is made only after medical causes have been considered.
Services that can help
- Comprehensive psychiatric evaluation to understand your symptoms and history
- Medication management with education and shared decision-making
- Supportive therapeutic interventions to build coping skills
- Telepsychiatry from a private, comfortable space
Frequently asked questions
Can a panic attack hurt me?
A panic attack feels frightening, but the attack itself is not dangerous and usually peaks within about 10 minutes. Because symptoms can overlap with heart and breathing problems, new or unexplained chest pain should always be checked by a medical professional.
What is the difference between a panic attack and an anxiety attack?
“Panic attack” is a clinical term for a sudden, intense surge of fear with strong physical symptoms. “Anxiety attack” is an informal phrase people often use for building worry or stress that rises more gradually. Both are treatable.
Is panic disorder treatable?
Yes. Most people with panic disorder improve significantly with treatment such as medication, cognitive behavioral therapy, or a combination of both.